Montana highway construction map

The Montana Department of Transportation and Schellinger Construction plan to close the Eastside Highway near Groff Lane from 9:00 a.m. Monday, April 4 to 9:00 a.m. Saturday, April 9. Please be prepared to travel a detour route, which will lead traffic to US 93 between Bell Crossing and Victor Crossing.

The Mountain Loop Highway is a scenic byway in the U.S. state of Washington.It traverses the western section of the Cascade Range within Snohomish County.The name suggests it forms a full loop, but it only is a small portion of a loop, which is completed using State Routes 92, 9, and 530.Part of the highway is also a designated and signed Forest Highway, and is known as Forest Route 20.ND Roads - North Dakota Travel MapFind local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps.Deep Creek. US-12 MP 23.5. 04/29/2024 08:00 AM. Dickey Lake. US-93 MP 160.2. 04/29/2024 08:00 AM. East Livingston. I-90 MP 337.7. 04/29/2024 08:00 AM.The 5-1-1 system will give recorded messages that will notify you of Missouri road closures, weather conditions, delays, and construction information. If calling from out of state, the 5-1-1 system can be reached by calling toll-free, 877-478-5511. Two alternate phone numbers are 888-275-6636 or 573-751-2551.Driving in Ontario can be challenging, especially when unexpected highway closures occur. Whether it’s due to accidents, construction, or severe weather conditions, staying informe... STPS 203-1 (15)4. North of Stevensville - North. UPN 6138000. The project is located on Secondary-203 (Eastside Highway) and begins at Reference Post (RP) 4.0, about 3.7 miles north of Stevensville, and about 0.1 miles south of Wildfowl Lane and Moiese Lane. It extends northerly 5.8 miles to RP 10.1, about 0.2 miles south of Hidden Valley Road.

The park's main roadways, Highway US 89/191 and Highway US 26/287, are plowed and open for winter travel from the town of Jackson to Flagg Ranch just south of Yellowstone National Park. These travel routes offer outstanding mountain vistas and wildlife viewing opportunities. Park roads are often snow-covered and icy.RONAN — Last week the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) announced that construction on the US Highway 93 Ronan-North section would begin Monday, November 7th and continue until winter-weather shuts it down.Overview Active Projects Transportation Commission Adopt-A Highway Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) ... Overview Maps Forms Manuals & Guides Statistics & Data. Vision Zero. Overview Safer Roads Safer People Plans & Programs. About. ... Construction Restrictions. MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 …MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 Prospect Avenue PO Box 201001 Helena, MT 59620-1001. District Offices. Terms of UseOverview Active Projects Transportation Commission Adopt-A Highway Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) ... Overview Maps Forms Manuals & Guides Statistics & Data. Vision Zero. Overview Safer Roads Safer People Plans & Programs. About. ... Construction Restrictions. MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 …The Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) is beginning construction on the Stevensville Safety Improvement project on March 1, 2021, including tree removal and utility work along the Eastside Highway. Construction will begin just north of the intersection of North Birch Creek Road and the Eastside Highway and will extend 5.9 miles north ...Work Zone. Planned Event. Winter Weather. Traffic. Traffic Bypass Route. (Does Not Apply to OSOW) Weather. Animation: Cameras and traffic information are currently unavailable in the Kansas City area.WalletHub selected 2023's best health insurance companies in Montana based on user reviews. Compare and find the best health insurance of 2023. WalletHub makes it easy to find the ...

Schellinger Construction was incorporated in 1961, providing work as a prime contractor and subcontractor for federal, state and county agencies, railroad and private companies and specializes in the construction of roads and highways across Montana. UPN 7450036Current Montana construction information, width restrictions, and road conditions can be found at www.511mt.net. Crews installing a culvert on MT 83. September 11, 2023. Activities: Kiewit crews are working Monday, September 11, through Saturday, September 16, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Montana Highway 83 (MT 83) at Salmon Lake is now one lane in each ...Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps.The Idaho Transportation Department is working on multiple projects in the I-15 corridor. These investments in Idaho's transportation system include the historic rebuild of the System Interchange at Pocatello and the widening of I-15 from Pocatello to Idaho Falls. Click the video to the right to learn more or scroll down to see individual ...Project Overview. The project is located in Missoula County on Montana Highway 83 and begins at Reference Post (RP) 9.0, about 1.1 miles south of Placid Lake Road, and just north of Salmon Lake. It extends northerly 4.1 miles to RP 13.1, about 0.2 miles south of the town of Seeley Lake. The beginning of this project will tie into future ...

Colibri healthcare elite learning.

Montana: Road Conditions, Highway Conditions, Airport Conditions, Traffic and Transit Information. Road conditions and 511 traveler information phone numbers. 511; 1 (800) 226 7623. Montana Department of Transportation. Montana Department of Transportation Traveler Information (Road Conditions) Road Cameras. Road Conditions - Detailed Road Report.MassDOT Highway Division's comprehensive list of projects under design and construction. Use the ProjectInfo application for an up-to-date, comprehensive view of MassDOT Highway design and construction projects, including project status, estimated construction costs and key dates. The application is searchable by location.Common speed limits are typically statutory as stated in Montana Code Annotated 61-8-303. Speed restrictions. Daytime speed limits are in effect from one-half hour before sunrise to one-half hour after sunset. Nighttime speed limits are in effect at any other time. The speed limits in Table 1 went into effect October 1, 2019.Montana Highway 3 (MT 3) is a highway in central Montana extending north from Billings to Great Falls. Route description. At its southern end, MT 3 begins at I-90 in Billings and travels northwest 47 miles (76 km) to US 12 near Lavina - this is the only section of MT 3 that is not concurrent with a US highway.MT 3 joins US 12 and travels 45 miles (72 km) west to Harlowton, where it leaves US ...Log onto NDOT's 511 Nevada Travel Info system for up-to-the-minute road conditions. For general weather forcast visit National Weather Service . Traffic cameras are also available to give you an eye on the road in the Las Vegas and Reno areas. In this section, you will also find road maps of the state to help make your travels through Nevada ...Log onto NDOT's 511 Nevada Travel Info system for up-to-the-minute road conditions. For general weather forcast visit National Weather Service . Traffic cameras are also available to give you an eye on the road in the Las Vegas and Reno areas. In this section, you will also find road maps of the state to help make your travels through Nevada ...

There are more than 3,300 miles of rail run by 12 companies. BNSF operates 59% of these rail miles; Montana Rail Link operates 25%. By tonnage, rail carries the most freight followed closely by trucks and pipeline. By value, trucks carry nearly 50% of freight, followed by pipeline at 34% and rail at 8%. Rail carries 48% of freight by weight ... Wander through authentic 1800s ghost towns on this rambling route over mountains, across the Continental Divide and along blue-ribbon trout streams. Legend has it that some of the smaller towns harbor gold rush–era ghosts. Start in the state capital, Helena, on foot or bike. The city is known for its network of classic multiuse single-track ... Map. Interactive. Cameras & Weather. Cameras Weather. Reports. Alerts, Closures & Incidents Road Condition Report Construction Report Load and Speed Restrictions. See also: MHP Reported Incidents. Road Conditions 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a ProblemCorner 69 69 69 CORRIDOR 69 69 A U D U B O N 231 d 60 P K W Y A B Twin Lakes HelmeHelmerr RoRolling Prairielling Prairie Winfield AinsAinswwoorrtthh Wilders Mark-ha hamm Map. Interactive. Cameras & Weather. Cameras Weather. Reports. Alerts, Closures & Incidents Road Condition Report Construction Report Load and Speed Restrictions. See also: MHP Reported Incidents. Road Conditions 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a Problem The secondary highway system is a lower-level classification of state highway maintained by the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) in the US state of Montana.Secondary highways first appeared on the state highway map in 1960, even though the secondary system was established in 1942. With very few exceptions, …Western Cafe. 443 E Main St. +1 406 587 0436. If you want to experience Montana-style cooking, then the Western Cafe pares things down to just delicious food and great service. Homestyle dishes and unlimited coffee refills make this a great place to hit before you head out on your next adventure.The Highway Patrol's core values are "Service, Integrity and Respect." These values are reflected in our commitment to public safety through diligent and fair enforcement of our traffic codes. The Montana Highway Patrol believes that public safety is a partnership. We need your help by buckling up, slowing down, and not drinking and driving.Overview Maps Forms Manuals & Guides Statistics & Data. ... Billings Montana: images: Adjoining State and Province Cameras. Name Location Links; Idaho - Visit Website: Name: Location: Links: Camp Creek: I-15 MP 185.3: image: ... Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a Problem. MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 Prospect AvenueThe secondary highway system is a lower-level classification of state highway maintained by the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) in the US state of Montana.Secondary highways first appeared on the state highway map in 1960, even though the secondary system was established in 1942. With very few exceptions, notably MT 287 and the former MT 789, Montana state highways numbered 201 and ...The zebras were being transported from Washington to Montana when the driver took the Interstate 90 exit for North Bend, located about 30 miles (48 kilometers) southeast of Seattle, to secure the trailer. ... as drivers on the offramp pulled over to "make a makeshift fence" to block the animals from the highway, Barnett said.

Serving Montana with Pride. Our Mission: MDT's mission is to plan, build, operate, and maintain a safe and resilient transportation infrastructure to move Montana forward. Our Vision: To accomplish this mission, MDT will set the gold standard for a highly effective, innovative, and people-centric department of transportation. Core Values: Eight core values guide all MDT employee behavior ...

Implement the first year of the five-year bridge plan by 6/30/2024. Submit IIJA grant applications for 100% of applicable bridge funding opportunities. Enhance Montana highway safety by reducing motor vehicle crashes, fatalities, and serious injuries to less than 201 in 2023. Leverage Numetrics to get the 7 largest cities to provide their crash ...Webcams capturing the construction of roads and bridges for the Montana Department of Transprtation. Road Construction Webcams. I-90 Yellowstone River Bridge. SlideShows: Html5 (Desktop) | Mobile. BBP - RR Overpass. SlideShows ...MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 Prospect Avenue PO Box 201001 Helena, MT 59620-1001. District Offices. Terms of UseWe would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us.Map. Interactive. Cameras & Weather. Cameras Weather. Reports. Alerts, Closures & Incidents Road Condition Report Construction Report Load and Speed Restrictions. See also: MHP Reported Incidents. Road Conditions 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a ProblemProvides up to the minute traffic and transit information for Alberta. View the real time traffic map with travel times, traffic accident details, traffic cameras and other road conditions. Plan your trip and get the fastest route taking into account current traffic conditions.Wander through authentic 1800s ghost towns on this rambling route over mountains, across the Continental Divide and along blue-ribbon trout streams. Legend has it that some of the smaller towns harbor gold rush–era ghosts. Start in the state capital, Helena, on foot or bike. The city is known for its network of classic multiuse single-track ...Gardiner Traffic Alerts. For official MT traffic info visit: Montana 511 Traffic Site. Gardiner, MT road conditions and traffic updates with live interactive map including flow, delays, accidents, traffic jams, construction and closures.ND Roads - North Dakota Travel MapThe Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) and Riverside Contracting Inc. is improving approximately eight miles of Interstate 15 (I-15) near Wolf Creek. The project area begins five miles south of Wolf Creek and extends north to the Augusta Interchange. The project will rehabilitate the roadway, update existing guardrail and concrete ...

Korean corn dog south carolina.

Shubh beauty salon inside walmart.

Western Cafe. 443 E Main St. +1 406 587 0436. If you want to experience Montana-style cooking, then the Western Cafe pares things down to just delicious food and great service. Homestyle dishes and unlimited coffee refills make this a great place to hit before you head out on your next adventure.MDT's mission is to plan, build, operate, and maintain a safe and resilient transportation infrastructure to move Montana forward. To accomplish this mission, MDT will set the gold standard for a highly effective, innovative, and people-centric department of transportation. Contact MDT. MDT Travel Info.highway construction in the Commonwealth and providing contacts for future reference. Introducing AASHTOWare CRL- KYTC's new payment system for primes and subs KYTC is now offering a free tool for prime contractors and subcontractors to track and confirm payments online.U.S. Highway 287 US 287 highlighted in red Route information Maintained by MDT Length 281.183 mi (452.520 km) Existed 1965–present Tourist routes Lewis and Clark Trail Major junctions South end Yellowstone National Park at West Yellowstone Major intersections US 20 / US 191 in West Yellowstone I-90 near Three Forks US 12 from Townsend to Helena …Montana Highway 287 (MT 287) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Montana.The highway runs 42.822 miles (68.915 km) from MT 41 in Twin Bridges east to U.S. Route 287 (US 287) in Ennis.MT 287 is the primary east-west highway of Madison County.The highway connects the county's four towns, including Sheridan and the county seat of Virginia City.The course of MT 287 follows the ultimate ...MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 Prospect Avenue PO Box 201001 Helena, MT 59620-1001. District Offices. Terms of UseLiquid asphalt is a combination of asphalt concrete and solvent, according to Purdue University. The way liquid asphalt performs when used for highway construction depends on the p...Montana: Road Conditions, Highway Conditions, Airport Conditions, Traffic and Transit Information. Road conditions and 511 traveler information phone numbers. 511; 1 (800) 226 7623. Montana Department of Transportation. Montana Department of Transportation Traveler Information (Road Conditions) Road Cameras. Road Conditions - Detailed …Serving Montana with Pride. Our Mission: MDT’s mission is to plan, build, operate, and maintain a safe and resilient transportation infrastructure to move Montana forward. Our Vision: To accomplish this mission, MDT will set the gold standard for a highly effective, innovative, and people-centric department of transportation. Core Values: Eight core … ….

The Seeley-Swan Scenic Drive, which is also known as the Swan Highway and Highway 83, is a stretch of road that in simple terms connects Montana Route 200 to the region of Kalispell.The very same route also begins in the southern vicinity of Clearwater, and passes by some picturesque lakes heading northwards through the state.. The highway ends up at Route 35, but not before cutting through a ...highway construction in the Commonwealth and providing contacts for future reference. Introducing AASHTOWare CRL- KYTC's new payment system for primes and subs KYTC is now offering a free tool for prime contractors and subcontractors to track and confirm payments online.Montana Highway 200 (MT 200) in the U.S. state of Montana is a route running east-west covering the entire state of Montana. From the starting point at ID 200, near Heron, the highway runs east to ND 200 near Fairview.It is part of a chain of state highways numbered 200 that extend from Idaho across Montana, North Dakota, and Minnesota, totaling approximately 1,356 miles (2,182 km) long.The Lake County Roads Department strives to provide better roads and bridges through a constant evolution of resources and techniques. We are a relatively small group at 17 but our diversity and interagency cooperation allow us to integrate strategies and resources comparable to much larger organizations. We appreciate the spirit and generosity ...MDT’s mission is to plan, build, operate, and maintain a safe and resilient transportation infrastructure to move Montana forward. To accomplish this mission, MDT will set the gold standard for a highly effective, innovative, and people-centric department of transportation. Contact MDT. MDT Travel Info.See also: MHP Reported Incidents. Road Conditions. 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511. 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol. 1-855-647-3777. Report a Problem.Roadwork. Easily learn if roadwork is being performed on your commute. Provides up to the minute traffic and transit information for All Regions region in Wisconsin. View real time Roadwork details on a list page.SR 18 is a crucial highway connecting the south Puget Sound area with I-90, the state's main east-west route. SR 18 has experienced frequent congestion and collisions for decades. We are receiving construction funding from the 2022 Move Ahead Washington transportation package and preparing to widen a 5-mile section of SR 18 between Issaquah-Hobart Road and Deep Creek. Montana highway construction map, Overview Maps Forms Manuals & Guides Statistics & Data. ... Montana Highway Patrol. Crashes, unsafe drivers, obstructions. Call 1-855-647-3777. Maintenance. MDT Highway Maintenance. Pot holes, broken guard rails, plowing. Use our comment form. Incidents. MDT Occupational Safety & Health Bureau., MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 Prospect Avenue PO Box 201001 Helena, MT 59620-1001. District Offices. Terms of Use, The Road Department's regular hours are 6 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Thursday, following daylight savings time, and 6 a.m. to 2:30 p.m., Monday thru Friday prior to DST, with the exception of holidays. Please call (406) 258-4753 with any road-related general questions. If you need to report a road maintenance issue, you may email or ..., RONAN — Last week the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) announced that construction on the US Highway 93 Ronan-North section would begin Monday, November 7th and continue until winter-weather shuts it down., Detailed Crash Data. 23 USC 407 Disclaimer Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety enhancement of potential accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or rail-way-highway crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, and 148 [152] of this title or for the ..., mhp24cad047901: 05/01/2024 07:33:56: 05/01/2024 07:41:58 : comp traffic mv : missoula: missoula: mullan rd: copper st : mhp24cad047896: 05/01/2024 07:12:42: 05/01/2024 07:17:09, This Montana map displays its cities, roads, rivers, and lakes. It borders Idaho , Wyoming , South Dakota , and North Dakota. Also, Montana is located along the Canadian border with the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. For nature lovers, Montana is a wilderness paradise. Visit one of the many national parks or take a …, Work Zone. Planned Event. Winter Weather. Traffic. Traffic Bypass Route. (Does Not Apply to OSOW) Weather. Animation: Cameras and traffic information are currently unavailable in the Kansas City area., 1533 Mail Service Center. Raleigh, NC 27699-1533. Official real-time traffic and travel information for North Carolina. We provide details about road closures, accidents, congestion, and work zones. Additional map data includes traffic cameras, North Carolina rest areas, and charging stations for electronic vehicles., The zebras were being transported from Washington to Montana when the driver took the Interstate 90 exit for North Bend, located about 30 miles (48 kilometers) …, Construction Projects. If you have a concern about TDS Fiber construction around your property, please use the Billings triage line 1-855-259-8576 or go to their website for more info., Realtime driving directions based on live traffic updates from Waze - Get the best route to your destination from fellow drivers, Map. Interactive. Cameras & Weather. Cameras Weather. Reports. Alerts, Closures & Incidents ... Road Conditions 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a Problem. MDT Locations. Helena Headquarters 2701 Prospect Avenue PO Box 201001 Helena, MT 59620-1001. District Offices. ... The state …, Federal Highway Administration | 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE | Washington, DC 20590 | 202-366-4000 | 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE | Washington, DC 20590 | 202-366-4000, The Montana Department of Transportation makes no representations or warranties whatsoever with respect to the accuracy or completeness of Right of Way Plans and/or map services and assumes no responsibility for the suitability of the Right of Way Plans and/or map services for a particular purpose, and MDT will not be liable for any damages ..., Download Idaho 511 App. Provides up to the minute traffic and transit information for Idaho. View the real time traffic map with travel times, traffic accident details, traffic cameras and other road conditions. Plan your trip and get the fastest route taking into account current traffic conditions., Montana's Work Zone Safety Laws. Speeding through a work zone in Montana can cost motorists more than just double the price of a ticket; it can result in jail time or cost a life. 61-8-314. Traffic Violations In Construction Zone And Work Zone - Definitions 61-8-317. Right-Of-Way For Vehicles Engaged In Mobile Highway Maintenance 61-8-346., This is a collection of interactive maps for Traffic Advisories and Information: Road Closures, Street Sweeping, Traffic Counts, and Snow Plowing. Discover, analyze and download data from Road Conditions - City of Billings. Download in CSV, KML, Zip, GeoJSON, GeoTIFF or PNG. ... This link will take you to the Montana Department of ..., This is a list of major county road and bridges projects that are currently in progress or recently completed. View map of 2024 construction activities. Sign up for road, bridge and trail updates. Bloomington and Edina. France Avenue and I-494 improvements (County Road 17) Long Lake and Orono. Wayzata Boulevard reconstruction (County Road 112), Helena Traffic Alerts. For official MT traffic info visit: Montana 511 Traffic Site. Helena, MT road conditions and traffic updates with live interactive map including flow, delays, accidents, traffic jams, construction and closures., Maps you can view online. Bicycle maps, city maps, county maps, railroad maps, road construction and closures maps, and many more! Montana Highway Map. Download and print the official state highway map. (PDF, 6.87 MB) State Parks Map. Locate a state park on this map and learn about its facilities (including RV dump sites), location, and much more!, in construction work zones. The daytime speed limit for trucks (over 8000 GVW) is 65 mph on interstates and 60 mph on all other highways (unless otherwise posted). 2. Al vehicle occupants must wear a safety belt, and children under four ... Montana Highway Map 1998-1999 Front Author: Montana Department of Transportation Subject: Montana Highway ..., The Cabbage Gulch entrance is located 4 miles on MT Highway 569 from its junction with MT Highway 1. There are several other access points off MT Highway 569 ("Mill Creek Highway") which cuts across the WMA between Anaconda and MT Highway 43 ("Big Hole Highway"). ... Location Map Facilities & Fees. Title Description Fee; Conservation ..., Map. Interactive. Cameras & Weather. Cameras Weather. Reports. Alerts, Closures & Incidents Road Condition Report Construction Report Load and Speed Restrictions. See also: MHP Reported Incidents. Road Conditions 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a Problem, The Bridge Structure Management System (BrM) is live and users will need an Okta single sign on account to use the new system. Data on the old system will be available for viewing for a short time, but data will not be updated. Please contact MDT Bridge Management Support with any questions. About the Bridge Bureau., The term highway, depending upon establishment of the road right of way, may be a County Road or may be under the jurisdiction of the State of Montana. Until 1965 there were classes: common highway, main highway and state highway (RCM §32-104 (1947)). In 1965, Montana codified the classifications of highways and roads. The code section currently, To see the 2023 Construction + Chip Seal Brochure Flyer, click here. 2023 improvement projects. Road closures & Detours. 5-Year Transportation Plan. For more information, call our projects line at 208-465-2221. or email us at projects {at} cityofnampa {dot} us. Find a list of projects the City is currently working on., Montana Governor Greg Gianforte just signed the nation's strongest restrictions on Chinese-owned social media app TikTok into law. Montana Governor Greg Gianforte just signed into ..., Kalispell Traffic Alerts. For official MT traffic info visit: Montana 511 Traffic Site. Kalispell road conditions and traffic updates with live interactive map including flow, delays, accidents, traffic jams, construction and closures., Description: This map shows cities, towns, interstate highways, U.S. highways, state highways, roads and parks in Montana., Map. Interactive. Cameras & Weather. Cameras Weather. Reports. Alerts, Closures & Incidents Road Condition Report Construction Report Load and Speed Restrictions. See also: MHP Reported Incidents. Road Conditions 1-800-226-7623 or Dial 511 1-800-335-7592 (TTY) Highway Patrol 1-855-647-3777. Report a Problem , Beartooth Highway is a 68-mile road that runs along the border of Montana and Wyoming, connecting the towns of Red Lodge and Cooke City. It is one of the most scenic drives in the USA. This drive is absolutely spectacular. Along Beartooth Highway, you will travel through several national forests, view the tallest peaks in Montana, see numerous ..., The Seeley-Swan Scenic Drive, which is also known as the Swan Highway and Highway 83, is a stretch of road that in simple terms connects Montana Route 200 to the region of Kalispell.The very same route also begins in the southern vicinity of Clearwater, and passes by some picturesque lakes heading northwards through the state.. The highway ends up at Route 35, but not before cutting through a ...