Easy electives at jmu

Music. Become a 21st-century artist and scholar through our comprehensive Music major. At JMU, you enjoy a conservatory-level education while taking advantage of the opportunities of a large liberal arts-based university program. As a Music major, you can choose from one of six specialized concentrations: performance, composition, music ...

Easy electives at jmu. Elections give the power to the people and enable them to choose their leaders who make decisions on their behalf. Other forms of government like dictatorships do not have this opt...

The US Senate is part of the elected law-making body of America. Together with the lower house, the House of Representatives, the Senate is part of the US Congress. As the upper ch...

To foster appreciation of the aesthetic and formal qualities of literary, visual, and performing arts. To engage students in thinking critically and communicating clearly about enduring questions concerning human life, culture, and history. REQUIREMENTS. Arts and Humanities consists of three courses that may be taken concurrently or in any order.Major Biology Elective - Acalog ACMS™. BIO 200. Major Biology Elective. Credits1.00 - 4.00PeopleSoft Course ID011047Grading BasisOPT This course is awarded for lower division transfer elective credit applicable toward the biology major or minor. A maximum of four hours may be transferred and used toward the major or minor.MUS 200/204 are incredibly easy as long as you have the faintest idea about music and a tiny bit of passion for it. Got a 99/98 for the final grades for the classes. 1. Reply. Share. 11K subscribers in the jmu community. A community of current, former and future Dukes!Economics Minor. A minor in economics will allow you to develop your critical thinking, research, writing and analytical skills as you build a foundation in economic theory and policy. These concrete and marketable skills can complement and add significant value to a wide variety of undergraduate majors and help you to stand out among your peers.Unauthorized use of James Madison University computer and networking resources is prohibited. By attempting to log in, you are acknowledging your awareness of and concurrence with the James Madison University Acceptable Use Policy. Last Modified: 10/31/2016The major is a part of the School of Accounting, an academic unit within the College of Business. The School of Accounting enjoys a national reputation for excellence in accounting education and is viewed as a prime recruiting school by accounting employers throughout the mid-Atlantic region. The school offers a Bachelor of Business ...To foster appreciation of the aesthetic and formal qualities of literary, visual, and performing arts. To engage students in thinking critically and communicating clearly about enduring questions concerning human life, culture, and history. REQUIREMENTS. Arts and Humanities consists of three courses that may be taken concurrently or in any order.EDUC300, probably some History classes. Fellow SCOM major here that needs cognate classes. Take Dollars and Sense with Barnett, and ISAT480 with Pappas. Dollars and Sense will teach you important skills, and 480 is super easy if you try. The whole class is dedicated to improving yourself... pretty much the 400 level of ISAT160.

The WRTC Minor. The 18-credit minor in Writing, Rhetoric and Technical Communication is open to all JMU undergraduate students. The WRTC minor complements all majors and is designed for students who wish to extend, enrich and formalize their education as writers and communicators. WRTC minors work through a set of four core courses offered ...We’re Here to Help You: Take classes with Canvas at JMU. Use Zoom for learning at JMU. Use Respondus Monitor and LockDown Browser to take exams. Work in groups in …11K subscribers in the jmu community. A community of current, former and future Dukes! ... a lot of Fin classes are rough, but I suggest these two electives BLAW 360 - Legal Analysis and Business Persuasion. It's nowhere near Fin, but a writing class. ... Is the class pretty easy/ simple Reply reply More replies. Top 6% Rank by size . More ...The painting and drawing program enables students to have a focused and specialized education in the creation of works in painting and drawing media. It also supports students from all the other disciplines in art who seek painting and drawing as an elective. B.A., B.S. or B.F.A. degrees are available; the choice of a degree program is ...The health sciences major is designed for students interested in understanding the causes of disease, strategies for promoting wellness, and the scientific basis and methodologies for analysis of health concerns. The major combines a broad foundation of health-related course work with a choice of preparatory courses suitable for entry into ...

Go to jmu r/jmu • by CrabbyNickTree. View community ranking In the Top 10% of largest communities on Reddit. Practical & Useful Electives . Any suggestions for not necessarily easy (although the lighter load the better I suppose) but useful courses anyone can take? I have a spot open for a class and want to take it in something that I will ...Apr 15 JMU Brass Band makes history with championship win. The win marked the first time a collegiate band has claimed the highest division of the competition. More Articles > Apr 5 The Madison Art Collection selected to partner with The American Alliance of Museums. An exciting step towards accreditation for the MAC More Articles >. Mar 29 School of Theatre and Dance welcomes guest award ...Here is a list of great electives JMU has to offer: 1.Exploring the Night Sky- ISCI 104: This awesome one-credit elective takes place in JMU’s John C. Wells Planetarium in Miller Hall. Study the stars in one of the coolest places JMU has on campus! 2. Lifetime of Fitness and Wellness-KIN 100: Kin 100 teaches the importance of the role …Voting and the right to vote have been issues at the core of American life for the entirety of the country’s existence. The law will increase the penalties for election law violati...questions? contact [email protected]! CATALOG YEAR 2022-2023 | last revised 09.07.22 cluster four: social and cultural processes NOTE: Some C3PP & C3NS courses have labs embedded (which fulfill the C3L requirement as well), and some have separate lab corequisites; see notes in parentheses for specific course requirements. questions? contact [email protected]! CATALOG YEAR 2022-2023 | last revised 09.07.22 cluster four: social and cultural processes NOTE: Some C3PP & C3NS courses have labs embedded (which fulfill the C3L requirement as well), and some have separate lab corequisites; see notes in parentheses for specific course requirements.

Detroit wing company lorain menu.

Programs of Study. General Education. • American and Global Perspectives (formerly: Cluster Four: Social and Cultural Processes) • Arts and Humanities (formerly Cluster Two: Arts and Humanities) • Madison Foundations (formerly Cluster One: Skills for the 21st Century) • Sociocultural and Wellness Area (formerly Cluster Five: Individuals ...At JMU, we believe an excellent education can be the foundation for creating a world changing impact. Education should not be limited by proximity to a campus. This is why we offer high-quality online and distance programs. Whether you typically take classes on campus and supplement with a few online courses, live near one of our remote ...Up to two elective courses from a discipline outside of anthropology may be applied to the major. Elective courses from outside of the program must be approved by the student's adviser and must be at the 300- or 400-level. Students must receive a minimum grade of "C-" in a class to have it count toward the major.Going into my last semester and need one more class to be considered a full time student. 9. 1 Share. Sort by: Add a Comment. LizardZombieSpore. • 2 yr. ago. Greek and Latin origins is insanely boring but very very easy if you have half a brain. 1.Programs of Study. General Education. • American and Global Perspectives (formerly: Cluster Four: Social and Cultural Processes) • Arts and Humanities (formerly Cluster Two: Arts and Humanities) • Madison Foundations (formerly Cluster One: Skills for the 21st Century) • Sociocultural and Wellness Area (formerly Cluster Five: Individuals ...

Mission & Approach. General Education: The Human Community is the core academic program of JMU. It is required of all students regardless of their major or professional program. The Human Community seeks to educate students in ways that have been fundamental to higher education and to thinking people for centuries. Learn more.There are also dozens of short-term programs offered each summer offering a variety of courses, including general education courses. The Center for Global Engagement also works with students who choose an external study abroad program with another college or university if the destination of choice is not offered at JMU.Business Programs. Nothing in the business world operates in a vacuum. That's why we learn by doing. Connect. Stand out. Accelerate. Applying academic theories to real-world scenarios. Rolling up our sleeves to serve the community. Analyzing business trends through research and becoming globally-minded citizens through study abroad …Apr 15, 2024 · Psychology Pre-requisite Summary. Course. Pre-Requisite. PSYC 210 or 212. Methodology Part 1. PSYC 101. Complete MATH 220, 205, 231, 235 with a grade of C or better. COB 191, ISAT 151, ISAT 251, Math 011, Other 200-level Math courses are also accepted but NOT recommended for students who have not yet completed their math prerequisite. Easy electives? Hi everyone! :) I’m looking for recommendations for easy/enjoyable (preferably 1 credit) electives I could take spring semester? 6 comments. Best. Add a …The major in business management offers three concentrations that will prepare you for a career in a wide range of industries, from governmental organizations, manufacturing, retail and banking, to pharmaceutical products, consumer products, restaurants and insurance. You will develop skills in leadership, critical thinking and …The Department of Geology and Environmental Science offers a B.S. and a B.A. degree. Both degree options have a research requirement that includes a formal presentation. Students must complete 12 hours of upper-level electives (300 or 400 level) to meet the requirements for a B.S. in geology. GEOL 301 , GEOL 320 , GEOL 367 , GEOL 401 and GEOL ...Executive Leadership Concentration. The MBA degree with a concentration in executive leadership is designed to help you develop the skills and abilities required to effectively and ethically lead in dynamic and highly competitive business settings. If you are a mid-level manager with a minimum of five years of professional work experience and ...2 days ago · Technical Electives: Must include at least three credit hours of ENGR 440 –ENGR 479. Up to three credit hours of technical electives may be from ENGR 480 or ENGR 498 . Free electives: May include up to three credit hours of any other 300 or 400 level courses at JMU (both ENGR and non-ENGR courses are eligible). for you systems elective compilers is definitely the easiest and it's really I interesting! for your algorithms elective your only options are 412 and 452 I believe, I've heard 452 is much harder. As for other 300 level electives, I know dr.kirkpatrick has an ethical issues in computing course that would count (im not sure when he offers it tho).

DO NOT take intro to film- watching an old movie every week gets old quick. intro to sociology was good tho if ur good w humanities. Take medical terminology it's one credit course but you literally can finish the whole course within few days. Also easy A With No effort required lol.

21 hours ago · General Education 41 Credit Hours 1. Quantitative requirement (in addition to General Education ) 3 Credit Hours2. Scientific Literacy requirement (in addition to General Education ) 3-4 Credit Hours2. Kinesiology Core Courses 12 Credit Hours. Major, concentration and kinesiology elective requirements 55-67 Credit Hours 3. 2 The General Education program contains a set of requirements each student must fulfill. The number of credit hours necessary to fulfill these requirements may vary. 3 Any PHIL course except PHIL 120 or PHIL 150 . Consult the list of courses satisfying Bachelor of Arts degree requirements on the Registrar's website.Genetics of Cancer, Biology Illustration (its one of those individual bio elective classes) by Dr Cooper, Marine and Fresh Water Invertebrates, and Animal Welfare are all the easy As I took. Anything by Dr. Bloss and Dr. Cooper are going to be relatively easy. Edit: All uper level bio is a joke. The only difference is how much of a hardass your ...What are some of the best/easiest electives you've taken at JMU? I'm trying to figure some out to take next semester. Coins. 0 coins. Premium Powerups Explore Gaming. Valheim Genshin Impact Minecraft Pokimane Halo Infinite Call of Duty: Warzone Path of Exile Hollow Knight: Silksong Escape from Tarkov Watch Dogs: Legion. Sports ...Fall 2023 BSN Electives. NSG 300: Strategies for Success in Nursing, 1 credit; NSG 306*: Combating Childhood Obesity, 1 credit; NSG 317: History of Nursing, 1 …ones concerning your academic preparation at JMU. This document, the James Madison University 2021-2022 Undergraduate Catalog, is an important reference for you. This catalog offers a comprehensive view of academic life at JMU and the thousands of different courses available to you as you craft your learning experiences.WRTC courses and will help you discover potential career interests. WRTC 316 MW 1:50 - 3:05 Alex Parrish TR 2:20 - 3:35 Mollie Stambler Overview: In WRTC 316 you will learn about research practices in our multi-disciplinary field. We equip you to ask good, ethical questions to take on academic and professional issues. Projects/tasks:

Hidden crossword clue 6 letters.

Mvc south brunswick.

The School of Accounting offers both a Bachelor of Business Administration (B.B.A.) degree and a Master of Science in Accounting (M.S.) degree. The 120 credit-hour undergraduate degree consists of the four-year major in accounting, leading to the B.B.A. degree. During your junior year, you can choose to meet with your adviser to discuss ...The major is a part of the School of Integrated Sciences, an academic unit within the College of Integrated Science and Engineering. Integrated science and technology (ISAT) students are versatile problem-solvers. Studies in ISAT combine multiple scientific areas into one hands-on, integrated program in which students learn by working directly ...1 Students need a grade of "C" or better in ECON 200 , ECON 201 and ECON 284 as a prerequisite for advanced economics courses. 2 Students may substitute COB 291 for ECON 284 . 3 Students need to complete ECON 331 , ECON 332 and ECON 385 with a grade of "C" or better to graduate with an Economics degree. 4 Students must complete ECON 385 ...Easy Electives. Going into senior year, need a filler elective class to reach full-time student status. Almost all my major requirements have been completed, but I'm still short credit …That class is an easy A as long as you pay attention, take notes, and attend regularly. Take philosophy 101 with Christopher Yates. Also, don't go thru college looking for "easy" classes. You're paying for it, so look for quality professors who teach engaging content!That class is an easy A as long as you pay attention, take notes, and attend regularly. Take philosophy 101 with Christopher Yates. Also, don't go thru college looking for "easy" classes. You're paying for it, so look for quality professors who teach engaging content!General Education 41 Credit Hours 1. Foreign language classes (intermediate level required) 0-14 Credit Hours 2. Philosophy course (in addition to General Education courses) 3 Credit Hours. University electives 26-40 Credit Hours. Major requirements (listed below) 36 Credit Hours.Handshake: view new internships and jobs that employers are looking to hire JMU students from your major Career Outcomes: see where alumni worked or studied right after graduating.; GoinGlobal: learn more about employment opportunities overseas as well as H1B visa information for international Dukes pursuing jobs in the U.S. O*NET: browse occupational profiles to learn about thousands of ... ….

Additional Biology Course Requirements: 24 Credit Hours. Students in the biology major must complete at least 24 credit hours of approved biology courses and at least 16 of these must be at the 300 and 400 levels. Up to 8 credit hours of 200 level BIO courses may count towards the 24 credit hour requirement, excluding BIO 270 / BIO 270L .Degree Requirements. The minimum requirement for a B.S. degree in economics is 36 credit hours of economics including 21 credit hours of core courses and 15 credit hours of electives. It is also necessary for the student to complete the quantitative and scientific literacy requirements for a B.S. degree as well as complete the General …Professional & Continuing Education: Spring 2024 Credit Courses. This list is continuously being updated; please check back for more information. If you are looking for the list of courses being offered on campus, please go to mymadison.jmu.edu. Additional columns of data are available by pressing the green plus (+) button to expand row data.Marketing Curriculum Required Core Courses: 15 Credit Hours. The marketing curriculum consists of 27 credit hours in marketing. The required courses equip students with the knowledge and skills all marketers should have. Elective courses allow students to pursue areas of special interest and prepare for specific career tracks in marketing.Honors Interdisciplinary Studies Minor Requirements. All students must complete a total of 25 credit hours. Honors Scholar minors need to show progression in honors coursework and maintain a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or above in honors courses in order to remain in good standing in the college. Exceptions may be granted based on faculty and student ...Dates for the five summer sessions offered for undergraduate students at JMU, can be found on the Registrar 's list of dates and deadlines. Summer courses have special tuition, housing, and financial aid considerations: Tuition & Fees. On-Campus Housing. Financial Aid. Enrollment for summer courses usually begins the 3 rd week in March, however ...A complete listing of all core and elective courses is available in the official JMU Undergraduate Catalog. Download the Course Planning Map. Back to Top. Department of Health Professions. Health and Behavioral Studies Building MSC 4315 235 Martin Luther King Jr. Way Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807General Education 41 Credit Hours 1. Foreign language classes (intermediate level required) 0-14 Credit Hours 2. Philosophy course (in addition to General Education courses) 3 Credit Hours. University electives 26-40 Credit Hours. Major requirements (listed below) 36 Credit Hours.45.1÷16 = 2.818 Semester GPA Good Standing. 31.1÷16 = 1.943 Semester GPA Academic Probation. 57÷16 = 3.562 Semester GPA Dean's List. When in doubt, it is always a good idea to double-check your calculations with your academic advisor to make sure that they are accurate.Successful completion with a GPA of 2.7 (or higher) in the following business core courses: COB 191, COB 202, COB 204, COB 241, COB 291, ECON 200 and ECON 201. Only grades earned at JMU will be used to calculate the B.B.A. core GPA. Successful completion of calculus (MATH 205, MATH 235 or equivalent) and COB 242. Easy electives at jmu, Students will be able to see their exact appointment time in MyMadison beginning Wednesday, October 25th by 10:00AM. Spring 2024 Enrollment Appointments: Seniors: Number of Credit Hours Earned: 90+. Enrollment Date: 11/6/2023 at 7:30AM. Juniors: Number of Credit Hours Earned: 60-89. Enrollment Date: 11/7/2023 at 7:30AM., First Year. Madison Foundations (formerly Cluster One: Skills for the 21st Century) Credits: 9.00. MATH 229. Introduction to Applied Statistics Using R [C3QR] Credits: 3.00. MATH 236. Calculus II Credits: 4.00. MATH 309. SAS Programming and Data Management Credits: 3.00 1. General Education courses Credits: 11.00., Summer 2023 BSN Electives. NSG 300: Strategies for Success in Nursing, 1 credit. NSG 306*: Combating Childhood Obesity, 1 credit. NSG 308*: Empowerment and Resilience, 1 credit. NSG 317: History of Nursing, 1 credit. NSG 321: Faith Community Nursing, 1 credit. NSG 390*: Impact of Chronic Illness, 3 credits., B. Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Minor. Biology Minor. Book Arts Minor. British Communication & Media Minor. Business (General) Minor. Business Analytics Minor. Business French Minor. Business German Minor., Transfer credit for courses including laboratories will only be awarded for those having skill and application content comparable to that of JMU courses. Elective biology credits applicable toward the major or minor are transferred as specific courses or as BIO 200 , BIO 426 or BIO 427 . Credits not applicable toward the major or minor, but ..., At JMU, the Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) program is 120 hours, including 50 hours in the major, typically 41 hours of general education, and 29 hours of electives. Most significantly, social work students have the opportunity to practice under the supervision of a professional social worker applying what they learn in the classroom to working ..., In order to graduate, each student must complete fourteen requirements across all five areas, which typically comprise one-third of a student's coursework - about 41 credit hours. Area Search Codes can be found HERE. Below is a brief overview of the program's requirements. For an area-specific breakdown of learning outcomes and courses ..., In addition to completing major required courses, finance majors will obtain both Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) and Bloomberg Market Concepts (BMC) Certifications. COB ACCEPTANCE After completing the lower-level B.B.A Core Courses and earning at least a 2.7 average GPA in those courses (excluding calculus and managerial accounting), Fifteen hours of courses within distribution areas to meet the school depth requirement. Nine hours of free elective courses in communication studies at the 300 or 400 level and three hours at the 200, 300 or 400 level. Twelve hours of course work at the 300 level or above outside of the major program of study; or a second major or minor., B.B.A. majors must complete all of the B.B.A. core components as part of their degree program. The following courses comprise the B.B.A. Lower-Level Core Component: COB 191. Business Analytics I Credits: 3.00 1. COB 202. Interpersonal Skills Credits: 3.00. COB 204. Computer Information Systems Credits: 3.00. COB 241., Elections give the power to the people and enable them to choose their leaders who make decisions on their behalf. Other forms of government like dictatorships do not have this opt..., JMU Engineering is an ABET accredited, 4-year interdisciplinary Bachelor of Science degree program. We offer a world-class undergraduate engineering experience based on a philosophy of learning by doing. Our relatively small classes facilitate supportive mentoring by faculty and require a high level of student engagement., 21 hours ago · General Education 41 Credit Hours 1. Quantitative requirement (in addition to General Education ) 3 Credit Hours2. Scientific Literacy requirement (in addition to General Education ) 3-4 Credit Hours2. Kinesiology Core Courses 12 Credit Hours. Major, concentration and kinesiology elective requirements 55-67 Credit Hours 3. , The PHETE concentration is a five-year Master of Arts in Teaching (M.A.T.) program. Upon successful completion of the first four years, students earn a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in kinesiology. The fifth year M.A.T. degree provides the requisite courses to obtain a Virginia teaching license in Health and Physical Education (PreK-12)., December 14, 2023. Undergraduate Catalog. Graduate Catalog. Back to Top. James Madison University. Wilson Hall951 Madison DriveHarrisonburg, Virginia 22807. Email Us(540) 568-6211. A-Z Index. Directory., Depends on the school you're in, but art classes like 101 and 102 are nice. If you're into English at all, you can do some electives through there. They have classes like cultures of specific literature, or silly stuff like Mythology (super easy but they tend to be 400-level). There's also photography courses, music, minor random art/non-art ..., MUS 200/204 are incredibly easy as long as you have the faintest idea about music and a tiny bit of passion for it. Got a 99/98 for the final grades for the classes. 11K subscribers in the jmu community. A community of current, former and future Dukes!, Exercise Science Curriculum. The Exercise Science curriculum includes a strong background across relevant science fields (including biology, chemistry, and physics) along with advanced courses that span a wide range of courses relating to the study of physical activity, exercise, and sport. Students who complete this program are well prepared ..., r/jmu. r/jmu. A community of current, former and future Dukes! ... r/UCONN. r/UCONN. A community for students at the University of Connecticut. Members Online. Easy Elective Recommendations comment. Top Posts Reddit . reReddit: Top posts of March 29, 2021. Reddit . reReddit: Top posts of March 2021. Reddit ., Ask the Library - chat with us or send us a message with questions about library resources or online learning. Make an Appointment - set an online appointment with a librarian who can help you find sources for your assignments and projects. Library Resources for Online Learning - find quick links to our e-books, streaming movies, articles ..., General Education 41 Credit Hours 1. Foreign language classes (intermediate level required) 0-14 Credit Hours 2. Philosophy course (in addition to General Education courses) 3 Credit Hours. University electives 26-40 Credit Hours. Major requirements (listed below) 36 Credit Hours., Feb 5, 2024 · There are eight different undergraduate degree programs at JMU. The type of degree a student earns is determined by their major. Requirements for each degree program vary widely. Most courses used to satisfy degree requirements are embedded within requirements for the major with the exception of the Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science Degrees. , Mission & Approach. General Education: The Human Community is the core academic program of JMU. It is required of all students regardless of their major or professional program. The Human Community seeks to educate students in ways that have been fundamental to higher education and to thinking people for centuries. Learn more., Pok3maniac00. • 3 yr. ago. I wouldn't say that any of the CS electives are "easy" per se. I would say though that there are a lot of fun and interesting CS electives! You could go for the Cyber Certification path -> CS457, CS458, CS482. Or you could take CS445 if you're really into applied math and statistics., B.B.A. majors must complete all of the B.B.A. core components as part of their degree program. The following courses comprise the B.B.A. Lower-Level Core Component: COB 191. Business Analytics I Credits: 3.00 1. COB 202. Interpersonal Skills Credits: 3.00. COB 204. Computer Information Systems Credits: 3.00. COB 241., Easy Electives. Going into senior year, need a filler elective class to reach full-time student status. Almost all my major requirements have been completed, but I'm still short credit …, The major requires five core courses. The three introductory courses include HIST 101. World History to 1500 and HIST 102. World History Since 1500, and HIST 225. HIST 300 is a required course in research methods and thinking about how to do history. Entering majors should take HIST 300 as soon as possible., Easy Classes At JMU 1. ART 200 – Art in General Culture. The first course on our list is an online class that is described by JMU students to be an easy A. If you have any interest in art, or just want an easy online class, we suggest giving this one a shot., Complete any General Education Psychology course ( PSYC 101 , PSYC 122 or PSYC 160 ) with a minimum grade of “B.” Earning a 4 on the AP Psychology exam meets this requirement. With departmental approval, grades from other institutions can fulfill this requirement. Complete an online orientation and application, available from the psychology ..., Curriculum. Our curriculum is designed based on experiential learning science — learning is more effective when students are engaged and active. Our program is project-based and designed to help you turn your ideas into real solutions for the planet, society, and industry while preparing you with the adaptability needed for career success., For assistance, contact the IT Help Desk at 540-568-3555, or email [email protected]; JMU eID. Password. Log in. If you have a JMU eID, please enter it above., The major requires five core courses. The three introductory courses include HIST 101. World History to 1500 and HIST 102. World History Since 1500, and HIST 225. HIST 300 is a required course in research methods and thinking about how to do history. Entering majors should take HIST 300 as soon as possible., Please consult the Catalog for the official requirements. To receive a B.S. in Biology from JMU, students must complete 40 credit hours of Biology (BIO) courses including the four (lecture+lab) "Core" courses and 24 credit hours of BIO electives. Of the 24 credits of BIO electives, up to 8 credits may be at the 200 level (excluding BIO 270/L).